Large-tailed Nightjar

Caprimulgus macrurus

Last update: 05 Mar 2026

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Large-tailed Nightjar Basic Information

Scientific Name	Caprimulgus macrurus
Status	LC Least Concern
Size	30-34 cm (12-13 inch)
Colors	Brown Buff
Type	Night Birds
Family	Nightjars

Introduction

The Large-tailed Nightjar (Caprimulgus macrurus) is a fascinating nocturnal bird known for its distinct vocalizations and remarkable camouflage. Belonging to the family Caprimulgidae, this bird is a master of the shadows, blending seamlessly into its environment during the day and becoming active under the cover of darkness.

Physical Appearance

Measuring between 30-34 cm in length, the Large-tailed Nightjar is a medium-sized nocturnal bird. Its plumage is primarily brown, intricately patterned with streaks and mottling that provide excellent camouflage against tree bark and leaf litter. It also features prominent buff-colored markings, including a buff collar around the hindneck and specific wing patches, which help distinguish it from other nightjar species.

Habitat

This species is highly adaptable and can be found in a variety of environments, including:

Secondary forests and forest edges
Scrublands and open woodlands
Cultivated areas and plantations
Coastal mangroves

Diet

As an insectivore, the Large-tailed Nightjar feeds primarily on nocturnal flying insects. Its diet typically consists of:

Moths
Beetles
Termites
Other small winged invertebrates captured mid-flight

Breeding and Nesting

The Large-tailed Nightjar does not build a traditional nest. Instead, it lays its eggs directly on the ground, often on dead leaves or bare soil. The female usually lays one or two eggs, which are cryptically colored to blend in with the surrounding debris, providing protection from predators during the incubation period.

Behavior

The bird is strictly nocturnal and crepuscular. It spends the daylight hours resting motionless on the ground or perched lengthwise along a tree branch, relying on its plumage to remain hidden. It is best known for its repetitive, mechanical 'chonk-chonk-chonk' call, which is frequently heard throughout the night in its range.

Conservation Status - LC Least Concern

The Large-tailed Nightjar is currently classified as Least Concern by the IUCN. While its population is stable, it faces localized threats from habitat loss and the use of pesticides, which can reduce its insect food supply.

Interesting Facts

The name 'Large-tailed' refers to its proportionally long, rounded tail feathers.
They possess a wide gape, allowing them to catch insects mid-air with ease.
Their eyes reflect light, making them easier to spot with a flashlight at night (eyeshine).
They are often heard much more frequently than they are seen due to their exceptional camouflage.

Tips for Birdwatchers

To spot a Large-tailed Nightjar, focus on listening for their signature call during the twilight hours. Use a high-powered flashlight to scan low branches or the ground, looking for the characteristic 'eyeshine' reflecting back at you. Patience and silence are key when tracking these elusive birds.

Conclusion

The Large-tailed Nightjar is a quintessential example of nocturnal adaptation. Its ability to thrive in various habitats while remaining almost entirely invisible to the casual observer makes it a rewarding subject for birdwatchers and researchers alike. Understanding and protecting their natural environments ensures that their unique calls continue to echo through the night.