black drongo

Dicrurus macrocercus
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Black Drongo の基本情報

Black Drongo の基本情報

Scientific NameDicrurus macrocercus
Status LC 低懸念
Size28-28 cm (11-11 inch)
Colors
Black
Blue
TypePerching Birds

現地語での名前

assamese: ফেঁচু
bengali: কালো ফিঙে, রাজকীয় কাক
bhojpuri: भुजइठा, भुजंगा, भुचेंगड़ा, ठाकुरजी
gujarati: કાળો કોસીટ, કાળીયો કોશી
hindi: कोतवाल, भुजंग
kannada: ಕಾಜಾಣ
malayalam: ആനറാഞ്ചി പക്ഷി
marathi: कोतवाल, काळा गोविंद, गोचिडघुम्मा, काळबाण्या, बाणवा (आदिवासी भाग)
nepali: कालो चिबे
oriya: କଜଳପାତୀ
punjabi: ਕਾਲ ਕਲੀਚੀ
sanskrit: अङ्गारक, धूम्याट
tamil: இரட்டைவால் குருவி, கரிக்குருவி

はじめに

オウチュウDicrurus macrocercus)は、オウチュウ科に属する、小型ながら非常に大胆なスズメ目の鳥です。南アジアの熱帯地方に生息し、光沢のある黒い羽毛と深く二股に分かれた尾が特徴です。電線や放牧されている家畜の背中に止まっている姿がよく見られ、その広大な生息域の開けた景観における代表的な鳥です。

外見・特徴

成鳥のオウチュウは体長約28cmです。日光を浴びると輝く全身黒色の羽毛を持ち、口角の付け根には小さな白い斑点があります。最も大きな特徴は、幅広く深く二股に分かれた尾です。成鳥の虹彩は暗褐色ですが、幼鳥はより茶色がかっており、腹部や下尾筒に白い斑点が見られます。

生息地

オウチュウは、サバンナ、農地、明るい森林など、さまざまな開けた環境で繁栄します。海抜0メートルから2,000メートルの標高まで、水源や人間の居住地の近くでもよく見られます。開けた場所を好むため、狩りをする際に露出した止まり木をうまく利用します。

食性

主に食虫性で、さまざまな獲物を捕食します:

  • 昆虫:アリ、シロアリ、バッタ、コオロギ、甲虫、ハチ、ガ、チョウなど。
  • 小型脊椎動物:時には小型の爬虫類、鳥類、さらにはコウモリを捕食することもあります。
  • 花蜜:花の蜜を吸うことで、受粉において重要な役割を果たします。

繁殖と営巣

繁殖期は通常2月から8月です。木の枝の分岐点にカップ状の巣を作り、多くの場合高い場所に営巣します。より小さく攻撃性の低い鳥種は、捕食者から身を守るために、オウチュウの近くに巣を作ることがよくあります。

習性・行動

「キングクロウ(王様のカラス)」として知られるこの種は、非常に攻撃的です。縄張りを守るために、カラスや猛禽類など、自分よりはるかに大きな鳥に対してためらうことなく急降下攻撃を仕掛けます。また、巧みな物真似の名手でもあり、ツミ(小型のタカ)に似た2音の鳴き声を含む、多様な鳴き声を出すことができます。

保全状況

オウチュウは個体数が多く分布も広いため、IUCN(国際自然保護連合)によって現在低懸念(LC)に指定されています。しかし、導入された一部の太平洋の島々では外来種となり、地域の生物多様性を脅かしています。

面白い事実

  1. 家畜の背中に乗って、動物が追い出した昆虫を捕らえる姿がよく見られます。
  2. その攻撃的な性質により、近くに巣を作る他の小さな鳥たちを捕食者から守っています。
  3. タカの鳴き声を真似て、他の鳥を餌場から追い払うことがあります。
  4. かつてはアフリカのオウチュウと同じ種と考えられていました。

バードウォッチャーへのヒント

オウチュウを見つけるには、開けた野原にある電話線、フェンス、むき出しの木の枝など、目立つ止まり木を探してください。早朝と夕方に最も活発に活動します。鋭い金属的な鳴き声や、他の鳥の鳴き真似を聞き分けると、すぐに見つけることができます。

まとめ

オウチュウは、鳥類の勇気と適応力の素晴らしい例です。昆虫を捕まえるためにアクロバティックな空中機動を披露する時も、自分より10倍も大きな捕食者を追い払う時も、この「キングクロウ」はアジアの生態系において最もカリスマ的で不可欠な種の一つであり続けています。

分布図と生息域

Official Distribution Data provided by
BirdLife International and Handbook of the Birds of the World (2025)

Black Drongo に関するよくある質問 (FAQs)

For most pets, a yearly checkup is recommended to monitor their overall health, update vaccinations, and catch early signs of illness. Senior pets or those with chronic conditions may require more frequent visits.

For most pets, a yearly checkup is recommended to monitor their overall health, update vaccinations, and catch early signs of illness. Senior pets or those with chronic conditions may require more frequent visits.

For most pets, a yearly checkup is recommended to monitor their overall health, update vaccinations, and catch early signs of illness. Senior pets or those with chronic conditions may require more frequent visits.

For most pets, a yearly checkup is recommended to monitor their overall health, update vaccinations, and catch early signs of illness. Senior pets or those with chronic conditions may require more frequent visits.

For most pets, a yearly checkup is recommended to monitor their overall health, update vaccinations, and catch early signs of illness. Senior pets or those with chronic conditions may require more frequent visits.

For most pets, a yearly checkup is recommended to monitor their overall health, update vaccinations, and catch early signs of illness. Senior pets or those with chronic conditions may require more frequent visits.

For most pets, a yearly checkup is recommended to monitor their overall health, update vaccinations, and catch early signs of illness. Senior pets or those with chronic conditions may require more frequent visits.

For most pets, a yearly checkup is recommended to monitor their overall health, update vaccinations, and catch early signs of illness. Senior pets or those with chronic conditions may require more frequent visits.

For most pets, a yearly checkup is recommended to monitor their overall health, update vaccinations, and catch early signs of illness. Senior pets or those with chronic conditions may require more frequent visits.

For most pets, a yearly checkup is recommended to monitor their overall health, update vaccinations, and catch early signs of illness. Senior pets or those with chronic conditions may require more frequent visits.

For most pets, a yearly checkup is recommended to monitor their overall health, update vaccinations, and catch early signs of illness. Senior pets or those with chronic conditions may require more frequent visits.

For most pets, a yearly checkup is recommended to monitor their overall health, update vaccinations, and catch early signs of illness. Senior pets or those with chronic conditions may require more frequent visits.

For most pets, a yearly checkup is recommended to monitor their overall health, update vaccinations, and catch early signs of illness. Senior pets or those with chronic conditions may require more frequent visits.

For most pets, a yearly checkup is recommended to monitor their overall health, update vaccinations, and catch early signs of illness. Senior pets or those with chronic conditions may require more frequent visits.

For most pets, a yearly checkup is recommended to monitor their overall health, update vaccinations, and catch early signs of illness. Senior pets or those with chronic conditions may require more frequent visits.

For most pets, a yearly checkup is recommended to monitor their overall health, update vaccinations, and catch early signs of illness. Senior pets or those with chronic conditions may require more frequent visits.

For most pets, a yearly checkup is recommended to monitor their overall health, update vaccinations, and catch early signs of illness. Senior pets or those with chronic conditions may require more frequent visits.

For most pets, a yearly checkup is recommended to monitor their overall health, update vaccinations, and catch early signs of illness. Senior pets or those with chronic conditions may require more frequent visits.

For most pets, a yearly checkup is recommended to monitor their overall health, update vaccinations, and catch early signs of illness. Senior pets or those with chronic conditions may require more frequent visits.

For most pets, a yearly checkup is recommended to monitor their overall health, update vaccinations, and catch early signs of illness. Senior pets or those with chronic conditions may require more frequent visits.

For most pets, a yearly checkup is recommended to monitor their overall health, update vaccinations, and catch early signs of illness. Senior pets or those with chronic conditions may require more frequent visits.

For most pets, a yearly checkup is recommended to monitor their overall health, update vaccinations, and catch early signs of illness. Senior pets or those with chronic conditions may require more frequent visits.

For most pets, a yearly checkup is recommended to monitor their overall health, update vaccinations, and catch early signs of illness. Senior pets or those with chronic conditions may require more frequent visits.

For most pets, a yearly checkup is recommended to monitor their overall health, update vaccinations, and catch early signs of illness. Senior pets or those with chronic conditions may require more frequent visits.

For most pets, a yearly checkup is recommended to monitor their overall health, update vaccinations, and catch early signs of illness. Senior pets or those with chronic conditions may require more frequent visits.

For most pets, a yearly checkup is recommended to monitor their overall health, update vaccinations, and catch early signs of illness. Senior pets or those with chronic conditions may require more frequent visits.

For most pets, a yearly checkup is recommended to monitor their overall health, update vaccinations, and catch early signs of illness. Senior pets or those with chronic conditions may require more frequent visits.

For most pets, a yearly checkup is recommended to monitor their overall health, update vaccinations, and catch early signs of illness. Senior pets or those with chronic conditions may require more frequent visits.

For most pets, a yearly checkup is recommended to monitor their overall health, update vaccinations, and catch early signs of illness. Senior pets or those with chronic conditions may require more frequent visits.

For most pets, a yearly checkup is recommended to monitor their overall health, update vaccinations, and catch early signs of illness. Senior pets or those with chronic conditions may require more frequent visits.

For most pets, a yearly checkup is recommended to monitor their overall health, update vaccinations, and catch early signs of illness. Senior pets or those with chronic conditions may require more frequent visits.

For most pets, a yearly checkup is recommended to monitor their overall health, update vaccinations, and catch early signs of illness. Senior pets or those with chronic conditions may require more frequent visits.

For most pets, a yearly checkup is recommended to monitor their overall health, update vaccinations, and catch early signs of illness. Senior pets or those with chronic conditions may require more frequent visits.

For most pets, a yearly checkup is recommended to monitor their overall health, update vaccinations, and catch early signs of illness. Senior pets or those with chronic conditions may require more frequent visits.

For most pets, a yearly checkup is recommended to monitor their overall health, update vaccinations, and catch early signs of illness. Senior pets or those with chronic conditions may require more frequent visits.

For most pets, a yearly checkup is recommended to monitor their overall health, update vaccinations, and catch early signs of illness. Senior pets or those with chronic conditions may require more frequent visits.

For most pets, a yearly checkup is recommended to monitor their overall health, update vaccinations, and catch early signs of illness. Senior pets or those with chronic conditions may require more frequent visits.

For most pets, a yearly checkup is recommended to monitor their overall health, update vaccinations, and catch early signs of illness. Senior pets or those with chronic conditions may require more frequent visits.

For most pets, a yearly checkup is recommended to monitor their overall health, update vaccinations, and catch early signs of illness. Senior pets or those with chronic conditions may require more frequent visits.